For three days, beginning on April 29, 1992, the South-Central neighborhood
of Los Angeles experienced the worst riots and civil unrest in U.S. history.
Fifty-five people were killed during the riots. The combination of burning,
looting and destruction of neighborhood property caused billions of dollars
worth of damage. This photograph shows a burnt-out husk of a Korean grocery
store. This image, among many others, captures the rage of established
minorities pitted against newcomers, both suffering from a decade of stagnating
economic opportunities (or as Bill Clinton would soon be saying, "it's
the economy, stupid"), a rollback in civil rights enforcement, and
simmering prejudices between African-Americans, Latinos, and Koreans.
But the cause of the riot (or uprising, depending on your point of view) lies in the most searing image of all-a videotape of an unarmed black man named Rodney King, laying face down on the ground as four white police officers savagely beat him. This incident from spring 1991, in which the police hauled King out of his car after a high-speed chase (King had originally been speeding and would not stop for the police) was captured on tape by an apartment dweller who saw the beating unfold on the street below. He sold it to television news stations and it played endless across the nation. It was uncontestable evidence of a great injustice that many people had read about but few had actually witnessed.
The police officers were promptly brought to trial. The venue was changed to Simi Valley, a predominantly white suburb far from the urban core of LA, located on the northernmost boundary of that vast metropolis. On April 28, 1992, the jury delivered its verdict-the four policemen were innocent. The next day, the multi-ethnic citizens of South Central Los Angeles took their rage, grief, and decades of frustration out to the streets.
Los Angeles had experienced riots before. The Watts riots erupted in 1964 after an altercation between a white police officer and black man. In 1967, riots broke out in more than 150 American cities, causing then-President Lyndon Johnson to convene the Kerner Commission, examining social conditions for the urban poor. California congresswoman Maxine Waters pointed out that the issues cited twenty years ago in the Kerner Report--poverty, racial profiling by LAPD, and deteriorating social services and public education-were the same causes of the 1992 LA riots. Nothing had changed.
Anna Deavere Smith, an award-winning actress, monologist, and professor of drama at Stanford University, was commissioned by the Mark Taper Forum in downtown LA to interview the participants and create a play. She wrote in the introduction to that play (entitled Twilight: Los Angeles, 1992), "Los Angeles shows us that the story of race in America is much larger and more complex than a story of black and white. There are new players in the race drama. Whereas Jewish merchants were hit during the Watts riots, Korean merchants were hit this time. Although the media tended to focus on blacks in South-Central, the Latino population was equally involved. We tend to think of race as, us and them -- i.e. black or white depending on one's own color. But the relationships among peoples of color and within racial groups are getting more and more complicated."
Other
resources:
Twilight: Los Angeles, 1992 by Anna Deavere Smith, Anchor
Press, 1994
Internet
links:
Video of Rodney King beating and the Los Angeles riots from the Los Angeles
Times archive
http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-
riotsvideo.videogallery
USC
Archive on the riots (includes links to video)
http://www.usc.edu/isd/archives/la/la_riot.html
"We
interrupt this message"-includes detailed chronology
and background on eventual truce between Crisps and Bloods (LA gangs)
http://www.interrupt.org/L.A._Anniversary_
Chron.html
Los
Angeles Fire Department Archives
http://www.lafire.com/famous_fires/920429_
LA-Riots/LATimes-2002-0429-0501/2002-
0429_latimes_AnAnniversaryofSadness-Richardson.htm
http://www.lafire.com/famous_fires/920429_LA-Riots/
LAWEEKLY-2002-0426/2002-
0426_laweekly_TenYearsandCloudofDust_Kaplan.htm
Standards:
11.11 Students analyze the major social problems and domestic policy
issues in contemporary American society.
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